消弧線圈是一種帶鐵芯的電感線圈。它接于變壓器（或發電機）的中性點與大地之間，構成消弧線圈接地系統。正常運行時，消弧線圈中無電流通過。而當電網受到雷擊或發生單相電弧性接地時，中性點電位將上升到相電壓，這時流經消弧線圈的電感性電流與單相接地的電容性故障電流相互抵消，使故障電流得到補償，補償后的殘余電流變得很小，不足以維持電弧，從而自行熄滅。這樣，就可使接地迅速消除而不致引起過電壓。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)安裝消(xiao)(xiao)弧(hu)線圈(quan)(quan)后，發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)單相(xiang)接地時消(xiao)(xiao)弧(hu)線圈(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)補(bu)償因單相(xiang)接地而形成的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，使(shi)得接地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)減小，同(tong)(tong)時使(shi)得故障相(xiang)恢復電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓速度減小，治理(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)大所造(zao)成的危害。同(tong)(tong)時由于(yu)消(xiao)(xiao)弧(hu)線圈(quan)(quan)的嵌位作(zuo)用，它可以有效(xiao)的防止鐵磁諧(xie)振過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)。消(xiao)(xiao)弧(hu)線圈(quan)(quan)補(bu)償效(xiao)果越(yue)好，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的安全(quan)保護作(zuo)用越(yue)大，所以需要跟蹤(zong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)變化自動調(diao)諧(xie)的消(xiao)(xiao)弧(hu)線圈(quan)(quan)。
消弧裝置能自動跟蹤電網參數的變化，自動測量電容電流，自動調整補償電流， 過補、欠補均可運行,方式非常靈活。能較好地抑制弧光接地過電壓、斷線過電壓和傳遞過電壓等。消弧線圈的調諧方式可分為預調式和隨調式兩種。依據消弧線圈電抗的調節方法,可分為電動有載調匝式、直流偏磁式、調氣隙式、調容式等等。
隨著電力電子器件的快速發展,晶閘管的單管容量及反向電壓都大大提高,且性能穩定。目前我公司生產的智能型消弧線圈自動跟蹤接地補償成套裝置實現了用快速動作的消弧線圈補償使瞬時性單相接地故障自動消除,而對非瞬時性單相接地故障則在盡量短的時間內選出并跳開接地故障線路,既不影響電網的供電可靠性又降低了系統設備的絕緣要求。能適用于架空線路為主、電纜線路為主或它們以任何比例混合等的任何結構的配電網。它基于晶閘管投切電容器組的概念,在消弧線圈的二次繞組上配置不同容量的并聯電容器組,構造了一種ＴＳＣ式新型消弧線圈。該消弧線圈的調諧速度快,調節范圍可以做到很寬,具有階梯、線性調節特性,無諧波污染,可靠性高,而且損耗和噪聲小,提高了電網運行的安全性和供電質量。
